Economy
Nominal GDP
USD 42.9 billion
GDP per capita
USD 2,573
2021–2025 average
Currency
- Name
- Zimbabwe Gold
Зимбабвийское золото (ZiG) - ISO code
- ZWG
- Rate against the US dollar
- USD 1 = 26.80 ZWG
- Rate against the rouble
- 1 ZWG = 3.1183 RUB
- Rate type
- Cross rate via the Bank of Russia USD/RUB rate
- Currency zone
- National currency
Exchange rate as of 1 October 2026
Economic structure
GDP structure: 2021–2025 average Source: Based on World Bank data (https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NV.AGR.TOTL.ZS); World Bank, WDI: NV.AGR.TOTL.ZS / NV.IND.TOTL.ZS / NV.SRV.TOTL.ZS, calculation of averages for 2021–2025 (https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NV.AGR.TOTL.ZS). Period: 2021–2025 average
- Agriculture 13.6%
- Industry 37.7%
- Services 42.9%
Industries and programmes
- Key industries
- Mining of gold, platinum group metals, lithium, nickel and chromium; tobacco; agriculture; tourism.Source: AfDB, Zimbabwe Economic Outlook (AEO 2026 (https://www.afdb.org/en/countries/southern-africa/zimbabwe/zimbabwe-economic-outlook); AfDB, Zimbabwe 2026 CPPR — (mining: lithium, gold, platinum (https://www.afdb.org/en/documents/2026-zimbabwe-country-portfolio-review-report); agriculture: tobacco, wheat
- Government programmes
- National Development Strategy NDS2 (2026–2030)Source: NDS2 (Jan 2026 – Dec 2030 (https://leap.unep.org/en/countries/zw/national-legislation/national-development-strategy-2-nds-2-january-2026-december-2030)
- Vision 2030 (an upper-middle-income country)Source: NDS2 (Jan 2026 – Dec 2030 (https://leap.unep.org/en/countries/zw/national-legislation/national-development-strategy-2-nds-2-january-2026-december-2030)
International trade
Exports of goods, 2021–2025
USD billion Source: World Bank / WTO, merchandise exports (TX.VAL.MRCH.CD.WT). Period: 2021–2025
Table
| Year | USD billion | index, 2021 = 100 |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 6.04 | 100.0 |
| 2022 | 6.59 | 109.1 |
| 2023 | 7.22 | 119.5 |
| 2024 | 7.43 | 123.0 |
| 2025 | 9.71 | 160.8 |
- Imports of goods
- USD 8.95 billion 2021–2025 averageSource: ITC. Period: 2021–2025 average
- Exports of goods and services
- USD 7.50 billion 2024Source: World Bank, national accounts. Period: 2024
- Change in exports of goods, 2021–2025
- +60.8%
- Average annual rate of change in exports of goods, 2021–2025
- +12.6%
Export specialisation
Main export products
share of exports of goods, %, 2024 Source: UN Comtrade, 2024; share of total merchandise exports, HS chapters (2 digits). Period: 2024
Main export destinations
share of exports of goods, %, 2024 Source: UN Comtrade, 2024; share of total merchandise exports, HS chapters (2 digits). Period: 2024
Investment areas
Source: AfDB, Zimbabwe Economic Outlook (AEO 2026 (https://www.afdb.org/en/countries/southern-africa/zimbabwe/zimbabwe-economic-outlook); AfDB, Zimbabwe 2026 CPPR (https://www.afdb.org/en/documents/2026-zimbabwe-country-portfolio-review-report)- Lithium and lithium concentrate production
- Platinum group metals
- Gold
- Agribusiness
- Energy
- Tourism
Agreements with Russia
Investment protection
Agreement on the Promotion and Reciprocal Protection of Investments: signed 7 October 2012; in force since 10 September 2014
Source: UNCTAD Investment Policy Hub (IIA Navigator (https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/international-investment-agreements/countries/233/zimbabwe)In force
Double taxation
There is no double taxation agreement with Russia.
Source: Russian Ministry of Finance, list of double taxation agreements in force — (the country is not on the list (https://minfin.gov.ru/ru/perfomance/tax_relations/international/international_dtt)Absent
Visa requirements
Russian citizens holding ordinary passports require a visa; Russia is in category B, visas are issued on arrival (single-entry visa: USD 30, up to 30 days) or in advance via e-visa (evisa.gov.zw). Negotiations are underway on a mutual visa waiver (the draft agreement is with the Zimbabwean side).
Source: travelto.ru (2026 (https://travelto.ru/blog/nuzhna-li-viza-v-zimbabve-rossiyanam/); Lenta.ru, 17 March 2026 (https://lenta.ru/news/2026/03/17/zimbabve-zahotela-vvesti-bezvizovyy-rezhim-dlya-rossiyan/)Partly visa-free
Peaceful nuclear energy
- intergovernmental agreement on cooperation in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy (signed 27 July 2023, Russia–Africa Summit, St. Petersburg)
Intergovernmental agreement
Other agreements
Source: RIA Novosti, 27 July 2023 (https://ria.ru/20230727/soglashenie-1886729882.html); Parlamentskaya Gazeta, 21 February 2020 (https://www.pnp.ru/politics/putin-vnes-na-ratifikaciyu-dogovor-o-vydache-prestupnikov-s-zimbabve.html); The Moscow Times, 20 January 2025 (https://ru.themoscowtimes.com/2025/01/20/rossiya-izimbabve-dogovorilis-vmeste-razvivat-meditsinu-a152784); REFORM.news, 3 December 2025 (https://reform.news/deputaty-ratificirovali-soglashenie-s-zimbabve-o-zashhite-sekretov)- Agreement on Cooperation in Ensuring International Information Security (27 July 2023).
- Extradition Treaty (signed 15 January 2019, Moscow; submitted for ratification in 2020).
- Agreement on Cooperation in Healthcare, Medical Education and Science (January 2025).
- Agreement on the Mutual Protection of Classified Information (in force since 29 November 2024) — not confirmed in public sources (only a similar Belarus–Zimbabwe agreement was found, ratified by Belarus on 3 December 2025)
Incentives
- Main regimes and incentives
- Source: PwC Tax Summaries, Zimbabwe (https://taxsummaries.pwc.com/zimbabwe/corporate/tax-credits-and-incentives); UNCTAD (https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/country-navigator/242/zimbabwe)
Act on ZIDA [Chapter 14:37] (adopted in 2019, published on 7 February 2020): for special economic zones — 0% corporate income tax for the first 5 years, then 15% (standard rate: 25%); duty exemptions on goods and equipment used to establish an enterprise.
- Type of measure
- Investment agency
- ZIDA — Zimbabwe Investment and Development Agency (Zimbabwe Investment and Development Agency)
