Economy
Nominal GDP
USD 49.9 billion
GDP per capita
USD 941
2021–2025 average
Currency
- Name
- Sudanese pound
Суданский фунт - ISO code
- SDG
- Rate against the US dollar
- USD 1 = 600.22 SDG
- Rate against the rouble
- 10 SDG = 1.3921 RUB
- Rate type
- Cross rate via the Bank of Russia USD/RUB rate
- Currency zone
- National currency
- Note
- official rate; the market rate is substantially higher
Exchange rate as of 1 October 2026
Economic structure
GDP structure: 2021–2025 average Source: Based on World Bank data. Period: 2021–2025 average
- Agriculture 25.7%
- Industry 26.0%
- Services 48.3%
Industries and programmes
- Key industries
- Gold mining, livestock farming, sesame, gum arabic, and oil transit.
- Government programmes
- Post-conflict recovery programs
Post-conflict recovery programs; the economy has operated amid armed conflict since 2023.
International trade
Exports of goods, 2021–2025
USD billion Source: World Bank / WTO, merchandise exports (TX.VAL.MRCH.CD.WT). Period: 2021–2025
Table
| Year | USD billion | index, 2021 = 100 |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 5.03 | 100.0 |
| 2022 | 4.36 | 86.7 |
| 2023 | 3.63 | 72.2 |
| 2024 | 3.13 | 62.2 |
| 2025 | 2.80 | 55.7 |
- Imports of goods
- USD 7.60 billion 2021–2025 averageSource: ITC. Period: 2021–2025 average
- Exports of goods and services
- USD 0.66 billion 2025Source: World Bank, national accounts. Period: 2025
- Change in exports of goods, 2021–2025
- −44.3%
- Average annual rate of change in exports of goods, 2021–2025
- −13.6%
Export specialisation
Main export products
share of exports of goods, %, 2024 Source: UN Comtrade, 2024; mirror data from importing countries (the country does not report); shares based on imports of the largest partners; gold, primarily exported to the UAE, is not fully captured in mirror statistics. Period: 2024
Main export destinations
share of exports of goods, %, 2024 Source: UN Comtrade, 2024; mirror data from importing countries (the country does not report); shares based on imports of the largest partners; gold, primarily exported to the UAE, is not fully captured in mirror statistics. Period: 2024
Investment areas
- Gold
- Agriculture
- Infrastructure restoration (after resolution of the conflict)
- Agricultural technologies
- Port infrastructure and logistics hubs
- Including trade zones within free economic zones to serve neighboring landlocked African countries
- Oil production and refining
- Hydropower
- Pharmaceuticals
Agreements with Russia
Investment protection
There is no bilateral agreement with Russia on the promotion and reciprocal protection of investments.
Absent
Double taxation
There is no double taxation agreement with Russia.
Absent
Visa requirements
Russian citizens holding ordinary passports require a visa.
Visa required
Peaceful nuclear energy
- Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Republic of the Sudan on Cooperation in the Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy (2017)
Intergovernmental agreement
Other agreements
- Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Republic of the Sudan on the Establishment of an Intergovernmental Russian–Sudanese Commission on Trade and Economic Cooperation (2013);
- Agreement on Simplified Procedures for Warship Visits to Ports (2018); Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Republic of the Sudan on Military Cooperation (2019).
Incentives
- Main regimes and incentives
- Source: https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org/investment-policy-monitor/measures/3729/sudan-publication-of-investment-encouragement-act-2021
Investment Promotion Act 2021: tax and customs incentives for priority projects (implementation limited by the conflict).
- Type of measure
- Investment agency
- Ministry of Investment and International Cooperation of Sudan
- Ministry
- Ministry of Investment and International Cooperation of Sudan
